Review Of Theliterature Research Articles

Ochrobactrum Anthropi; an Unusual Cause of Bacteremia and Pneumonia: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Literature

Background: Ochrobactrum anthropi spp. is a non-enteric, aerobic gram-negative bacillus that has been reported to cause sepsis and occasionally bacteremia in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. This bacterium is capable of surviving in various habitats, but due to its affinity for aqueous environments, O. anthropi is hypothesized to have an affinity for indwelling plastic devices and other foreign bodies. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 66 y/o male with a history of polysubstance abuse disorder admitted for toxic metabolic encephalopathy and found to have bronchopneumonia and bacteremia secondary to O. anthropi infection, resulting in sepsis and cardiopulmonary arrest Discussion: Ochrobactrum spp. is an unusual pathogen of low virulence and has been noted to cause bacteremia and occasionally sepsis in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. Isolation of this pathogen in the appropriate setting should be considered a true pathogen and treated as such to avoid sequela of this infection. Conclusion: This case report and literature review suggest that Ochrobactrum Anthropi appears more frequently as a pathogen in nosocomial infections than suggested in the literature.

The perspectives of visual arts teachers on postmodernism

<p>Postmodernism has evolved in the field of art, and its presence and definition have been the topic of several studies. The overall perspectives of the visual arts teachers on postmodernism are important for incorporating postmodernism issues into the high school curriculum in Turkey, as they are teaching art history and conveying the practice of visual arts. A review of the literature reveals that there are no comparable studies that take visual arts teachers’ perspectives on postmodernism into account. Therefore, this study aims to discover the perspectives of visual arts teachers on postmodernism. This article presents the findings and conclusions of the first research question of the Master’s thesis, titled “examination of the reflections of postmodernism on art education”. The study used a case study design, one of the qualitative research approaches. The sample of the study consisted of four visual arts teachers working in one of the central and three district schools in Yalova, Turkey. In the current research, two semi-structured interview forms and document analysis were utilized as data collection tools. The qualitative data were analyzed by the thematic analysis method. The themes of “teachers’ general perceptions”, “teaching process” and “reflection on students” were identified through the thematic analysis. This article includes a detailed analysis of the theme of “teachers’ general perceptions”. The results of the research identified the artistic and intellectual perspectives of the participating teachers toward postmodernism as outstanding features.</p>

The Search for Antidotes Against Ricin.

The castor plant (Ricinus communis) is primarily known for its seeds, which contain a unique fatty acid called ricinoleic acid with several industrial and commercial applications. Castor seeds also contain ricin, a toxin considered a chemical and biological warfare agent. Despite years of investigation, there is still no effective antidote or vaccine available. However, some progress has been made, and the development of an effective treatment may be on the horizon. To provide an updated overview of this issue, we have conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on the current state of research in the fight against ricin. This mini-review is based on the reported research and aims to address the challenges faced by researchers, as well as highlight the most successful cases achieved thus far. Our goal is to encourage the scientific community to continue their efforts in this critical search.

Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in pediatrics.

Objective. To provide a framework for healthcare professionals managing pediatric patients who are on active glucocorticoid (GC) therapy and to develop recommendations for the prevention and treatment of GC-induced osteoporosis in the pediatric population. Methods. A panel of experts on bone and pediatric diseases developed a series of PICO questions that address issues related to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in patients on GC therapy. In accordance with the GRADE approach, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, summarized effect estimations, and classified the quality of the evidence. Then, voting and the formulation of recommendations followed. Results. Seven recommendations and six general principles were developed for GC-induced osteoporosis in the pediatric population. Conclusion. These recommendations provide guidance for clinicians who must make decisions concerning pediatric patients undergoing treatment with GC.

Kidney collecting system anatomy applied to endourology - a narrative review.

To evaluate the surgical anatomy of the kidney collecting system through a narrative review of the literature, highlighting its importance during diagnosis and its approach during surgical procedures for the treatment of renal stones. We carried out a review about the anatomy of the kidney collecting system. We analyzed papers published in the past 40 years in the databases Pubmed, Embase and Scielo, and we included only papers in English and excluded case reports, editorials and opinions of specialists. Renal collecting system could be divided in four groups: A1 - kidney midzone (KM), drained by minor calyx that are dependent on the superior or the inferior caliceal groups; A2 - KM drained by crossed calyx, one draining into the superior caliceal group and another draining into the inferior caliceal group; B1 - KM drained by a major caliceal group independent of both the superior and inferior groups; and B2 - KM drained by minor calyx entering directly into the renal pelvis. Some details and anatomic variations of the collecting system are related to clinical and radiological aspects, particularly perpendicular calyces, interpyelocalyx space, position of calyces in relation to renal border, classification of the renal collecting system, infundibular diameter and the angle between the lower infundibulum and renal pelvis. The knowledge of intra-renal collecting system divisions and variations as the angle between the renal pelvis and lower infundibula, position of the calices in relationship with renal edge and the diameter and position of the calyces are important for the planning of minimally invasive renal surgeries.

Automating financial reporting with natural language processing: A review and case analysis

In the evolving landscape of financial reporting, the integration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) emerges as a beacon of innovation, promising to redefine the paradigms of accuracy, efficiency, and compliance. This paper embarks on a scholarly expedition to explore the transformative potential of NLP within the realm of financial disclosures, navigating through the intricate interplay of technological advancements and regulatory frameworks. The study meticulously analyzes the application of NLP techniques in automating financial reporting, unraveling the complexities of implementation and the multifaceted challenges therein through a qualitative research design. Through a comprehensive review of the literature and empirical data, the paper illuminates the efficacy of NLP in enhancing the precision and reliability of financial reports while also delving into stakeholders' perceptions regarding its adoption. The findings reveal a significant improvement in reporting efficiency and accuracy, underscored by the strategic importance of addressing implementation hurdles and regulatory considerations. The study culminates in a set of cogent recommendations, advocating for the development of a robust framework for NLP applications in financial reporting, alongside a clarion call for ongoing research into sophisticated NLP models and scalable solutions. In essence, this paper not only charts a course for the future integration of NLP in financial reporting but also stands as a testament to the indelible impact of technological innovation on the financial industry. It beckons the academic and professional communities to forge a collaborative path towards realizing the full potential of NLP, thereby ushering in a new era of transparency and insight in financial disclosures.

(PM-15) THE EFFECT OF A PELVIC FLOOR TRAINING PROGRAM APPLIED IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH URINARY INCONTINENCE

Abstract Introduction Urinary incontinence is a common symptom during pregnancy, the most common type of incontinence in pregnant women is SUI. Stress urinary incontinence affects 54% of all pregnant women. These symptoms are usually experienced during pregnancy and postpartum and can negatively affect quality of life, interfering with social, professional and family activities. Pelvic floor muscle training supervised by a therapist is an effective treatment for UI in women and has been shown to be effective; However, there is still clinical uncertainty about the application of these exercises in pregnant women. Objective The objective of this study is to conduct a review of the literature and present the effect of pelvic floor exercise in pregnant women with urinary incontinence, in order to validate whether there are benefits or not. Methods An integrative review of the literature was carried out, surveys were carried out in the electronic databases PubMed and PEDro, using the descriptors “Exercise”, “Physical Activities”, “Urinary Incontinence” and “Pregnant Women”. Only randomized clinical trials were selected and the search was carried out between April and May 2022. Results 71 studies were found, only 10 met the established criteria and agreed with the objective of the present review. Conclusion An integrative review of the literature was carried out and it was observed that pelvic muscle training helps reduce urinary incontinence in pregnant women and promotes a better quality of life, without associated risks. Financing No conflict.

The evolutionary path of place making: From late twentieth century to post-pandemic cities

Since its emergence in the latter half of the 20th century, the concept of place making has undergone substantial evolution. To fully comprehend how this concept has transformed and encountered diverse trajectories, it is beneficial to examine its evolutionary path over time. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct a thorough review of the literature surrounding the expanding matrix of place making through a combination of bibliometric analysis and selective review. The paper seeks to undertake a comprehensive evaluation of nine interrelated paradigms of place making as a subfield of urban planning and design. These are, namely, late 20th century place making, sustainable place making, digital place making, democratic place making, creative place making, strategic place making, healthy place making, resilient place making, and post-pandemic place making. Results reveal that there has been a transition toward community-based participation and a stronger emphasis on social and environmental elements. Also, there has been a shift from emphasizing functional spaces to promoting community building, social connectivity, healthy, and resilient environments via long-term strategies as well as the deployment of smart city and digital technologies.

Exploring Academic Writing Needs and Challenges Experienced by ESL Learners: A Literature Review

The review paper aims to identify the challenges and academic writing needs faced by the students, specifically in English as a Second Language (ESL) contexts. The paper systematically reviews, analyzes, and summarizes relevant studies, categorizing the identified challenges and demands of students in academic writing. The central finding is that students often struggle with academic writing due to a lack of enthusiasm and insufficient practice in this skill. The paper emphasizes the formal writing style, scholarly voice, and intellectual values inherent in academic writing. The study employs a comprehensive approach, including a thorough review of the literature, an examination of academic papers and these as examples, and a detailed analysis of each paper’s components. The sections include an analysis of the title, an assessment of the abstract, and a description of the introductory section, covering issues, purpose, recommendations, and appendices, along with conclusions. Importantly, the review paper extends its focus beyond the university context, aiming to contribute to graduate students and society by addressing these challenges, which are crucial for enhancing academic writing proficiency and benefiting both students and society.  

Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome with juvenile fibrous nodules and lobular breast tumors: a case report and review of the literature

BackgroundBeckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a genomic imprinting disorder caused by diverse genetic and/or epigenetic disorders of chromosome 11p15.5. BWS presents with a variety of clinical features, including overgrowth and an increased risk of embryonal tumors. Notably however, reports of patients with BWS and breast tumors are rare, and the association between these conditions is still unclear. Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2) expression is known to be associated with the development of various cancers, including breast cancer, and patients with BWS with specific subtypes of molecular defects are known to show characteristic clinical features and IGF2 overexpression.Case presentationA 17-year-old girl who had been diagnosed with BWS based on an umbilical hernia, hyperinsulinemia, and left hemihypertrophy at birth, visited our department with a gradually swelling left breast. Her left breast was markedly larger than her right breast on visual examination. Imaging examinations showed two tumors measuring about 10 cm each in the left breast, and she was diagnosed with juvenile fibroadenoma following core needle biopsy. The two breast tumors were removed surgically and the patient remained alive with no recurrence. The final diagnosis was juvenile fibroadenoma without malignant findings. Immunohistochemical staining using IGF2 antibody revealed overexpression of IGF2 in the cytoplasm of ductal epithelial cells. Because of her clinical features and IGF2 overexpression, molecular defects of 11p15.5 including a possible genetic background of paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 or hypermethylation of imprinting center 1 was suspected.ConclusionsIn this case, overexpression of IGF2 suggested a possible relationship between BWS and breast tumors. Moreover, the characteristic clinical features and IGF2 staining predicted the subtype of 11p15.5 molecular defects in this patient.

Women’s entrepreneurship education: a systematic review and future agenda

Purpose In this systematic review of the literature on women’s entrepreneurship education, this paper aims to examine the current state of the field. The authors analyze publication trends, identify major themes and propose an agenda for future research. Design/methodology/approach The authors review 363 articles published between 1993 and 2023, to develop a synthesized overview of women’s entrepreneurship education, complete with insights into the journals that have provided the most coverage of this topic, as well as how it has emerged over time. Findings The authors tracked the evolution of research themes and collaboration networks over a 30-year period. Results show there has been significant growth in research on women’s entrepreneurship education, as evidenced by a surge of publications on the topic and the total number of citations. Originality/value The authors categorized and analyzed six thematic clusters within the literature: entrepreneurial intention, ethical perspectives, gender-specific barriers, gender stereotypes, rural entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Building on these thematic clusters, this study discusses future research directions to advance the field.

Leptomeningeal metastases in prostate cancer: A review of the current literature

Abstract Leptomeningeal metastasis/leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC; terms used interchangeably) is an inflammatory complication of primary tumors that involves the spread of the disease to the meninges (specifically the arachnoid and pia maters) and spinal cord. In the United States, approximately 110,000 new cases are diagnosed each year, and the prognosis is usually poor. Complications of LMC include cognitive impairment, cranial nerve dysfunction, ischemic stroke, and mortality. The survival times of untreated and treated LMC are approximately 4–6 weeks and 2–4 months, respectively. Leptomeningeal carcinomatoses are usually metastatic cancers that spread to the central nervous system. Although lung and breast cancers have a clearly defined relationship with LMC, it remains unclear whether prostate cancer (PC) is also directly associated with LMC. To determine whether such association exists, we conducted a PubMed review of the literature on patients with PC with coexisting LMCs. Our search yielded 23 case reports of patients with preexisting PC who developed LMC. In addition, 2 retrospective cohort studies were examined. Various findings were identified in the revised cases and studies. The first 3 findings were related to the progression of the disease: patients presenting with neurological disease symptoms were in remission from PC for 7 years on average, LMCs tended to occur after other cancer diagnoses, and the disease had already rapidly progressed by the time the symptoms were present. Regarding diagnosis, the major finding was that most LMCs were detected by magnetic resonance imaging (which does not detect early dissemination), and it was suggested that single-photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography imaging could be used for earlier detection. Finally, in terms of treatment, the main finding was that treatment was palliative rather than curative and that prognosis remained poor despite treatment. On the basis of these results, we recommend for individuals with risk factors, such as high-grade PC and hormonal PC, to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis for increased surveillance of LMC development.

Pleomorphic Carcinoma of Pulmonary Location: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma is a rare primary lung tumor, part of the group of non-small cell cancers. We report the case of a 54-year-old patient, a chronic smoker who presented with hemoptysis evolving in a context of deterioration in general condition. Chest imaging revealeda left upper lobar tissue density mass with some hypodensity. The diagnosis of pleomorphic lung carcinoma was made based on histological data from bronchial biopsies, and classified as stage IVb according to the TNM classification (8th edition). Palliative chemotherapy was then offered to the patient. The evolution was marked by the death of the patient 2 months after diagnosis. Through this observation, we wish to shed light on this rare and particular histological type but just as aggressive as other pulmonary neoplasias.

Mapping research on scientific creativity: A bibliometric review of the literature in the last 20 years

The main goal of this study is to use bibliometric methods to explore the scientific creativity literature over the past two decades. The aim is to gain a deep understanding of how this field has developed conceptually, intellectually, and socially, with the objective of advancing both empirical evidence and conceptual understanding. The study draws upon the Scopus database as the source of literature metadata, subsequently subjecting the data to analysis via the Bibliometrix software. Commencing with an initial identification of 254 articles, a stringent application of search and exclusion criteria led to the inclusion of 110 articles for in-depth analysis. The outcomes of this research unveil pivotal themes within scientific creativity, offering a quantitative analysis that presents an encompassing view through tables, graphs, and maps. Moreover, the study delves into identifying core performance indicators associated with article production and citation rates. As discerned from the results, the emerging research directions within scientific creativity encompass the enhancement and assessment of scientific creativity, pedagogical strategies for teaching creativity within science education, and the exploration of thinking skills pertinent to scientific creativity. These findings provide valuable insights for future researchers and also have practical implications for educators and policymakers. By doing so, this study helps inform the development of strategies to effectively foster scientific creativity in the context of the 21st-century skills era.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Early Psychosis: a narrative review from a neurodevelopmental perspective.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), characterized by socio-communicative abnormalities and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped behaviors, is part of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs), a diagnostic category distinctly in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, (DSM-5), clearly separated from Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) (schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, schizotypal personality disorder). Over the last four decades, this clear distinction is gradually being replaced, describing ASD and SSD as two heterogeneous conditions but with neurodevelopmental origins and overlaps. Referring to the proposal of a neurodevelopmental continuum model, the current research's aim is to provide an update of the knowledge to date on the course of clinical symptoms and their overlaps among ASD and SSD. A narrative review of the literature published between January 2010 and June 2023 was conducted. Five studies were included. All studies show a global impairment in both conditions. Two studies show a focus on neurodevelopmental perspective in ASD and SSD. Only one study of these adopts a longitudinal prospective in terms of prognostic markers among ASD and SSD. Three studies underline the overlap between ASD and SSD in terms of negative, disorganized and positive symptomatology. To date, there is a gap in the current scientific literature focused on ASD-SSD course of clinical symptoms and their overlaps from a neurodevelopmental perspective. Future longitudinal studies to identify risk markers and tailored treatments are needed.

Spinal Cord Infarction Following Transarterial Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Chest Wall Metastasis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare but detrimental complication following transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The case report presented a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involving the lateral chest wall for which the patient underwent TACE, targeted at the right ninth intercostal artery. After the intervention, the patient fully developed complete spinal cord syndrome immediately after TACE. Magnetic resonance images of the spinal cord showed abnormal hyperintense lesions on T2-weighted images involving the anterior and central part of the 9th to 11th thoracic spinal cord, compatible with SCI. Although corticosteroids were not administered, the patient’s condition subsequently improved, being capable of walking with a gait aid. SCI after TACE is a possible disabling adverse event. To prevent this complication, the collateral vessels of the spinal arteries, such as the intercostal arteries, should be avoided. Furthermore, monitoring for the symptoms of SCI, especially in the first 24 hours after the intervention, should also be done in all TACE cases. Keywords: Spinal cord injury; Spinal cord infarction; Transarterial chemoembolization; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Case report

Growing Pains: A Rare Case of a Temporal Dermoid Cyst in an Adult and Review of the Literature

Dermoid cysts are common cutaneous developmental anomalies that occur due to the entrapment of ectodermal elements during embryonic closure. While the exact origin of dermoid cysts is unknown, they are theorized to originate from multipotent embryonic stem cells or translocated epithelial cells. Dermoid cysts are typically congenital but are sometimes diagnosed later in childhood and rarely in adulthood. They are reported as the most common pediatric skull tumors. Surgical excision is recommended to prevent enlargement, invasion, rupture, or infection. Temporal dermoid cysts, specifically, are extremely rare, with only a few cases having been reported in adulthood. We present a case of a 51-year old female with an enlarging left temporal mass found to be a dermoid cyst. The mass was excised, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the importance of early excision, radiologic studies, and a tailored management approach based on cyst location. Our proposed treatment algorithm provides guidance for clinicians in identification and management of adult dermoid cysts.

The Kresling origami spring: a review and assessment

Abstract Structures inspired by the Kresling origami pattern have recently emerged as a foundation for building functional engineering systems with versatile characteristics that target niche applications spanning different technological fields. Their light weight, deployability, modularity, and customizability are a few of the key characteristics that continue to drive their implementation in robotics, aerospace structures, metamaterial and sensor design, switching, actuation, energy harvesting and absorption, and wireless communications, among many other examples. This work aims to perform a systematic review of the literature to assess the potential of the Kresling origami springs as a structural component for engineering design keeping three objectives in mind: (i) facilitating future research by summarizing and categorizing the current literature, (ii) identifying the current shortcomings and voids, and (iii) proposing directions for future research to fill those voids.

Symptomatic rib fracture nonunion: a systematic review of the literature.

Rib fractures commonly occur in trauma patients with varying presentations. Though the literature in recent years has moved toward favoring more early intervention of acute rib fractures, little has been reported on the matter of surgical fixation for symptomatic rib fracture nonunions. We performed a review of PubMed and Cochrane databases for articles published since 2000. Inclusion criteria were studies with greater than six months of follow-up, while case studies were excluded. A thorough analysis was performed on patient outcomes, complications reported, operative techniques utilized, and fixation systems used, among other parameters reported by the articles. One hundred and thirty-nine studies resulted from our review, and a total of nine studies met our inclusion criteria with a combined total of 182 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for symptomatic rib fracture nonunions. All studies reported a significant reduction of pain with increased satisfaction in the majority of patients. There were a total of 71 postoperative complications, the most common of which included surgical site infections, hardware failure, and hematoma. The most serious complications were insulting injury to the lung parenchyma or pleura; however, these were extremely rare based off the current literature. The use of bone grafting was common with eight of the nine studies mentioning the benefits of grafting. Surgical stabilization of rib fracture nonunions appears to be an appropriate treatment alternative, and various techniques and approaches may be used with similar success. Further studies with higher level of evidence are recommended on the subject.

Co-existence of Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) and TBG-Excess in a Boy Causing Simultaneous Elevation in Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Thyroxine (T4) Levels: First Report from India and Review of the Literature

Co-existence of Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) and TBG-Excess in a Boy Causing Simultaneous Elevation in Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Thyroxine (T4) Levels: First Report from India and Review of the Literature